Acetylcholinesterase inhibition, antioxidant and chemo-profile values of Xylopia aethiopica fruit and Corchorus olitorius leaf: preliminary neurological dysfunction protection evaluation Inhibition de l'acétylcholinestérase, activité antioxydante et profil chimique du fruit de Xylopia aethiopica et de la feuille de Corchorus olitorius : évaluation préliminaire de la protection contre les dysfonctionnements neurologiques
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Abstract
Background: Xylopia aethiopica fruit (XY) and Corchorus olitorius (COR) leaf are common food-herbs in Nigeria used in the management of convulsion and enhancement of learning.
Objective: The study aims to evaluate the cognitive dysfunction and neuro- protection profile of the 2 food-herbs and their solvent fractions.
Method: The phytoconstituent profiles of XY and COR were evaluated using Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant effects of the crude extracts were determined using 1, 1-diphenyl-2- picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. An in vitro method, Ellman's colorimetric acetylcholinesterase inhibitory (AChE) assay was used to evaluate the cognitive enhancing/neuroprotective potentials of the plant crude extracts and fractions.
Results: The GC-MS study of X. aethiopica and C. olitorius extracts showed that some contained phytocompounds have been documented to possess anti-convulsive, sedative, anti-inflammation and hypnotic effects. The standard drug, eserine showed statistically higher antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects compared to C. olitorius leaf and X. aethiopica fruit crude extracts. Only the AChE IC , obtained for C. olitorius 50 ethyl acetate fraction (0.18 mg/mL) was lower than its crude extract value. While, the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities (IC ), of all X. aethiopica fruit fractions were better than that of their crude extract.
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the two nutritional food-herbs enhance cognitive ability and are possible agents in the management of degenerative impairments.
Résumé
Contexte: Le fruit de Xylopia aethiopica (XY) et la feuille de Corchorus olitorius (COR) sont des herbes alimentaires courantes au Nigeria utilisées pour la prise en charge des convulsions et l'amélioration des capacités d'apprentissage.
Objectif: Cette étude vise à évaluer les troubles cognitifs ainsi que le profil neuroprotecteur de ces deux plantes alimentaires et de leurs fractions obtenues par solvants.
Méthode: Les profils phytochimiques de XY et COR ont été analysés par chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplée à la spectrométrie de masse (GC-MS). Les effets antioxydants des extraits bruts ont été déterminés par le test de piégeage du radical 1,1-diphényl-2-picrylhydrazyle (DPPH). L'inhibition de l'acétylcholinestérase (AChE) a été évaluée in vitro par le test colorimétrique d'Ellman afin de déterminer les potentiels d'amélioration cognitive et de neuroprotection des extraits bruts et des fractions de la plante. Résultats: L'analyse GC-MS des extraits de X. aethiopica et C. olitorius a révélé la présence de certains composés phytochimiques déjà documentés pour leurs propriétés anticonvulsivantes, sédatives, anti-inflammatoires et hypnotiques. Le médicament de référence, l'ésérine, a présenté des effets antioxydants et inhibiteurs de l'acétylcholinestérase statistiquement supérieurs à ceux des extraits bruts de feuilles de Cyprinus olitorius et de fruits de Xanthomonas aethiopica. Seule la valeur CI de l'AChE, obtenue pour la fraction d'acétate d'éthyle de 50 Cyprinus olitorius(0,18 mg/mL), était inférieure à celle de l'extrait brut. En revanche, toutes les fractions de fruits de Xanthomonas aethiopica présentaient une meilleurs activité inhibitrice de l'acétylcholinestérase (IC ) par 50 rapport à leur extrait brut.
Conclusion: Les résultats suggèrent que ces deux plantes alimentaires possèdent des propriétés d'amélioration cognitive et pourraient constituer des agents potentiels dans la prise en charge des troubles neurodégénératifs.
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