Assessment of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among patients in a tertiary hospital, Ibadan, southwest Nigeria
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Abstract
Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection remains a pandemic of global concern. The widespread use of antiretroviral drugs has made HIV/AIDS a manageable chronic illness. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy has emerged as a crucial issue in HIV/AIDS therapeutics.
Objectives: To assess adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in adult out-patients attending the AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria (APIN) clinic of Adeoyo Maternity Teaching Hospital Yemetu, Ibadan, Oyo State.
Method: A descriptive and prospective study in which 384 adult out-patients infected with HIV and attending antiretroviral clinic, on antiretroviral drugs for more than one month were invited to complete questionnaires which recorded sociodemographic data and other patient psychosocial variables in relation to adherence with prescribed medications. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy was evaluated using patient's self report.
Result: A good adherence level of 95.9% was recorded in this study. Some patient-factors that could affect adherence to therapy were pill burden 38.9%, drug's side effects 29.5%, forgetfulness 29.2%, hunger and time 0.6%, and fear of stigmatization 0.2%. Using bivariate analysis, there was no statistical significance between adherence level and sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents.
Conclusion: Adult out-patients on antiretrovirals were observed to adhere well to therapy.
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